Sliced encoding and decoding for remote rendering

ABSTRACT

Disclosed herein are related to a device and a method of remotely rendering an image. In one approach, a device divides an image of an artificial reality space into a plurality of slices. In one approach, the device encodes a first slice of the plurality of slices. In one approach, the device encodes a portion of a second slice of the plurality of slices, while the device encodes a portion of the first slice. In one approach, the device transmits the encoded first slice of the plurality of slices to a head wearable display. In one approach, the device transmits the encoded second slice of the plurality of slices to the head wearable display, while the device transmits a portion of the encoded first slice to the head wearable display.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. § 120 asa continuation of U.S. Non-Provisional Pat. Application No. 16/912,290,titled “SLICED ENCODING AND DECODING FOR REMOTE RENDERING” filed on Jun.25, 2020, which claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. ProvisionalPat. Application No. 62/905,642, filed Sep. 25, 2019, the disclosure ofeach of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety forall purposes.

FIELD OF DISCLOSURE

The present disclosure is generally related to processing an image of anartificial reality space, including but not limited to performingencoding, decoding, or a combination of encoding and decoding to renderan image of an artificial reality space.

BACKGROUND

Artificial reality such as a virtual reality (VR), an augmented reality(AR), or a mixed reality (MR) provides immersive experience to a user.In one example, a user wearing a head wearable display (HWD) can turnthe user’s head, and an image of a virtual object corresponding to alocation of the HWD and a gaze direction of the user can be displayed onthe HWD to allow the user to feel as if the user is moving within aspace of an artificial reality (e.g., a VR space, an AR space, or a MRspace).

In one implementation, an image of a virtual object is generated by aconsole communicatively coupled to the HWD. In one example, the HWDincludes various sensors that detect a location of the HWD and a gazedirection of the user wearing the HWD, and transmits the detectedlocation and gaze direction to the console through a wired connection ora wireless connection. The console can determine a user’s view of thespace of the artificial reality according to the detected location andgaze direction, and generate an image of the space of the artificialreality corresponding to the user’s view. The console can transmit thegenerated image to the HWD, by which the image of the space of theartificial reality corresponding to the user’s view can be presented tothe user. In one aspect, the process of detecting the location of theHWD and the gaze direction of the user wearing the HWD, and renderingthe image to the user should be performed within a frame time (e.g.,less than 11 ms). Any latency between a movement of the user wearing theHWD and an image displayed corresponding to the user movement can causejudder, which may result in motion sickness and can degrade the userexperience.

SUMMARY

Various embodiments disclosed herein are related to a device for remoterendering of an artificial reality space. In some embodiments, thedevice includes a content generator comprising at least one processor.In some embodiments, the content generator is configured to partition animage of an artificial reality space into a plurality of slices. In someembodiments, the content generator is configured to encode a first sliceof the plurality of slices. In some embodiments, the content generatoris configured to encode a second slice of the plurality of slices, whichincludes encoding a portion of the second slice while the contentgenerator encodes a portion of the first slice. In some embodiments, thedevice includes a communication interface coupled to the contentgenerator. In some embodiments, the communication interface isconfigured to transmit the encoded first slice of the plurality ofslices to a head wearable display. In some embodiments, thecommunication interface is configured to transmit a portion of theencoded second slice of the plurality of slices to the head wearabledisplay, while the communication interface transmits a portion of theencoded first slice to the head wearable display.

In some embodiments, the first slice and the second slice are separatedby a boundary. In some embodiments, the content generator is furtherconfigured to generate motion vectors of the image, wherein the motionvectors do not traverse the boundary between the first slice and thesecond slice.

In some embodiments, the communication interface is configured totransmit another portion of the encoded first slice, while the contentgenerator encodes another portion of the second slice. In someembodiments, the content generator is further configured to encode athird slice of the plurality of slices, which includes encoding aportion of the third slice while the content generator encodes anotherportion of the second slice. In some embodiments, the communicationinterface is further configured to transmit a portion of the encodedthird slice of the plurality of slices to the head wearable display,while the communication interface transmits another portion of theencoded second slice to the head wearable display. In some embodiments,the communication interface is configured to transmit an additionalportion of the encoded second slice, while the content generator encodesanother portion of the third slice.

In some embodiments, the communication interface is further configuredto receive sensor measurements indicating a location or an orientationof the head wearable display. In some embodiments, the content generatoris configured to generate the image of the artificial reality spaceaccording to the location or the orientation of the head wearabledisplay.

Various embodiments disclosed herein are related to a method for remoterendering of an artificial reality space. In some embodiments, themethod includes partitioning, by a device, an image of an artificialreality space into a plurality of slices. In some embodiments, themethod includes encoding, by the device, a first slice of the pluralityof slices. In some embodiments, the method includes encoding, by thedevice, a second slice of the plurality of slices, which includesencoding a portion of the second slice while the device encodes aportion of the first slice. In some embodiments, the method includestransmitting, by the device, the encoded first slice of the plurality ofslices to a head wearable display. In some embodiments, the methodincludes transmitting, by the device, a portion of the encoded secondslice of the plurality of slices to the head wearable display, while thedevice transmits a portion of the encoded first slice to the headwearable display.

In some embodiments, the first slice and the second slice are separatedby a boundary. In some embodiments, the method includes generating, bythe device, motion vectors of the image, wherein the motion vectors donot traverse the boundary between the first slice and the second slice.

In some embodiments, the method includes transmitting, by the device,another portion of the encoded first slice, while the device encodesanother portion of the second slice. In some embodiments, the methodincludes encoding, by the device, a third slice of the plurality ofslices, which includes encoding a portion of the third slice while thedevice encodes another portion of the second slice. In some embodiments,the method includes transmitting, by the device, a portion of theencoded third slice of the plurality of slices to the head wearabledisplay, while the device transmits another portion of the encodedsecond slice to the head wearable display. In some embodiments, themethod includes transmitting, by the device, an additional portion ofthe encoded second slice, while the device encodes another portion ofthe third slice.

In some embodiments, the method includes receiving, by the device,sensor measurements indicating a location or an orientation of the headwearable display. In some embodiments, the method includes generating,by the device, the image of the artificial reality space according tothe location or the orientation of the head wearable display.

Various embodiment disclosed herein are related to a device for remoterendering of an artificial reality space. In some embodiments, thedevice includes a communication interface configured to receive, fromanother device, an encoded first slice of an image of an artificialreality space. In some embodiments, the communication interface isconfigured to receive, from the another device, a portion of an encodedsecond slice of the image, while the communication interface receives aportion of the encoded first slice. In some embodiments, the deviceincludes an image renderer comprising at least one processor. In someembodiments, the image renderer is coupled to the communicationinterface. In some embodiments, the image renderer is configured todecode the encoded first slice of the image. In some embodiments, theimage renderer is configured to decode the portion of the encoded secondslice of the image, while the image renderer decodes the portion of theencoded first slice. In some embodiments, the image renderer isconfigured to combine the decoded first slice of the image and thedecoded second slice of the image. In some embodiments, the imagerenderer is configured to render the image based on the combination ofthe decoded first slice of the image and the decoded second slice of theimage.

In some embodiments, the communication interface is configured toreceive another portion of the encoded second slice, while the imagerenderer decodes another portion of the first slice. In someembodiments, the decoded first slice and the decoded second slice areseparated by a boundary. In some embodiments, motion vectors of thedecoded first slice and motion vectors of the decoded second slice donot traverse the boundary between the decoded first slice and thedecoded second slice.

In some embodiments, the communication interface is further configuredto receive a portion of an encoded third slice of the plurality ofslices from the another device, while the device receives anotherportion of the encoded second slice from the another device. In someembodiments, the image renderer is further configured to decode theportion of the encoded third slice of the plurality of slices, while theimage renderer decodes the another portion of the encoded second slice.

In some embodiments, the device includes sensors configured to generatesensor measurements indicating a location or an orientation of thedevice. In some embodiments, the communication interface is configuredto transmit the sensor measurements to the another device, and receivethe encoded first slice and the encoded second slice of the image, inresponse to transmitting the sensor measurements.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. Likereference numbers and designations in the various drawings indicate likeelements. For purposes of clarity, not every component can be labeled inevery drawing.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a system environment including an artificialreality system, according to an example implementation of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a head wearable display, according to an exampleimplementation of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of a content provider, according to an exampleimplementation of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 is a diagram of an image renderer, according to an exampleimplementation of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 is an interaction diagram of a process of performing remoterendering based on slice encoding and decoding, according to an exampleimplementation of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 shows an example process of remote rendering based on sliceencoding and decoding, according to an example implementation of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 7A is an interaction diagram of a process of generating andtransmitting encoded slices of an image of an artificial reality,according to an example implementation of the present disclosure.

FIG. 7B is an interaction diagram of a process of receiving encodedslices of an image of an artificial reality and rendering the image ofthe artificial reality, according to an example implementation of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a computing environment according to anexample implementation of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Before turning to the figures, which illustrate certain embodiments indetail, it should be understood that the present disclosure is notlimited to the details or methodology set forth in the description orillustrated in the figures. It should also be understood that theterminology used herein is for the purpose of description only andshould not be regarded as limiting.

Disclosed herein are related to systems, devices, and methods forremotely rendering an image of an artificial reality space (e.g., an ARspace, a VR space, or a MR space) based on slice encoding and decoding.In one aspect, disclosed slice encoding and decoding includes dividingor partitioning the image into a plurality of slices, and processing theplurality of slices in a pipeline configuration. In one approach, aconsole divides an image (e.g., of an artificial reality space) into aplurality of slices. In one approach, the console encodes the pluralityof slices of the image through a pipeline configuration. Moreover, theconsole transmits the encoded plurality of slices to a user device ordisplay device, such as a head wearable display (HWD) through a pipelineconfiguration. This disclosure may sometimes reference such a HWD by wayof illustration, for the user device or display device. In one approach,the HWD receives encoded slices of the image from the console, andprocesses the encoded portions through a pipeline configuration todecode and render the image. In one aspect, the HWD decodes differentencoded slices of the image independently. The HWD (e.g., via an imagecombiner) may combine the decoded slices of the image, and can renderthe image according to the combination.

Advantageously, slicing an image into a plurality of slices, andprocessing the plurality of slices through a pipeline configuration asdisclosed herein allow a faster, efficient and/or successfultransmission and rendition of an image of an artificial reality space.For example, the console may encode a first slice of the image. Theconsole may also encode a portion of a second slice of the image, whilea portion of the first slice of the image is encoded. Once the encodingof the first slice of the image is complete, the console may transmitthe encoded first slice of the image (e.g., without waiting for the allportions of the image to be encoded, such as while another portion ofthe second slice of the image is encoded). Similarly, the HWD mayreceive the encoded first slice of the image from the console. The HWDmay receive a portion of the encoded second slice of the image, while aportion of the encoded first slice of the image is received. Afterreceiving the encoded first slice of the image, the HWD may decode aportion of the encoded first slice of the image, while a portion of theencoded second slice of the image is received. In one aspect, encodingand decoding a high quality image (e.g., 1920 by 1080 pixels, 2048 by1152 pixels, or higher) may consume a large amount of computationalresources and may not be completed within a frame time (e.g., 11 ms).For example, as a number of pixels increases, amount of computationalresources for encoding or decoding may increase exponentially. Byencoding and decoding slices of an image through a pipelineconfiguration, the amount of computational resources for encoding anddecoding can be reduced compared to encoding and decoding the fullimage. Moreover, an image generated by the console can be transmittedand rendered by the HWD within a short time period (e.g., 11 ms) byprocessing slices of the image in a pipeline configuration.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an example artificial reality systemenvironment 100 in which a console 110 operates. In some embodiments,the artificial reality system environment 100 includes a HWD 150 worn bya user, and a console 110 providing content of artificial reality to theHWD 150. A head wearable display (HWD) may be referred to as, include,or be part of a head mounted display (HMD), head mounted device (HMD),head wearable device (HWD), head worn display (HWD) or head worn device(HWD). In one aspect, the HWD 150 may detect its location and a gazedirection of the user wearing the HWD 150, and provide the detectedlocation and the gaze direction to the console 110. The console 110 maydetermine a view within the space of the artificial realitycorresponding to the detected location and the gaze direction, andgenerate an image depicting the determined view. The console 110 mayprovide the image to the HWD 150 for rendering. In some embodiments, theartificial reality system environment 100 includes more, fewer, ordifferent components than shown in FIG. 1 . In some embodiments,functionality of one or more components of the artificial reality systemenvironment 100 can be distributed among the components in a differentmanner than is described here. For example, some of the functionality ofthe console 110 may be performed by the HWD 150. For example, some ofthe functionality of the HWD 150 may be performed by the console 110.

In some embodiments, the HWD 150 is an electronic component that can beworn by a user and can present or provide an artificial realityexperience to the user. The HWD 150 may render one or more images,video, audio, or some combination thereof to provide the artificialreality experience to the user. In some embodiments, audio is presentedvia an external device (e.g., speakers and/or headphones) that receivesaudio information from the HWD 150, the console 110, or both, andpresents audio based on the audio information. In some embodiments, theHWD 150 includes sensors 155, eye trackers 160, a communicationinterface 165, an image renderer 170, an electronic display 175, a lens180, and a compensator 185. These components may operate together todetect a location of the HWD 150 and/or a gaze direction of the userwearing the HWD 150, and render an image of a view within the artificialreality corresponding to the detected location of the HWD 150 and/or thegaze direction of the user. In other embodiments, the HWD 150 includesmore, fewer, or different components than shown in FIG. 1 .

In some embodiments, the sensors 155 include electronic components or acombination of electronic components and software components that detecta location and an orientation of the HWD 150. Examples of sensors 155can include: one or more imaging sensors, one or more accelerometers,one or more gyroscopes, one or more magnetometers, or another suitabletype of sensor that detects motion and/or location. For example, one ormore accelerometers can measure translational movement (e.g.,forward/back, up/down, left/right) and one or more gyroscopes canmeasure rotational movement (e.g., pitch, yaw, roll). In someembodiments, the sensors 155 detect the translational movement and therotational movement, and determine an orientation and location of theHWD 150. In one aspect, the sensors 155 can detect the translationalmovement and the rotational movement with respect to a previousorientation and location of the HWD 150, and determine a new orientationand/or location of the HWD 150 by accumulating or integrating thedetected translational movement and/or the rotational movement. Assumingfor an example that the HWD 150 is oriented in a direction 25 degreesfrom a reference direction, in response to detecting that the HWD 150has rotated 20 degrees, the sensors 155 may determine that the HWD 150now faces or is oriented in a direction 45 degrees from the referencedirection. Assuming for another example that the HWD 150 was located twofeet away from a reference point in a first direction, in response todetecting that the HWD 150 has moved three feet in a second direction,the sensors 155 may determine that the HWD 150 is now located at avector multiplication of the two feet in the first direction and thethree feet in the second direction.

In some embodiments, the eye trackers 160 include electronic componentsor a combination of electronic components and software components thatdetermine a gaze direction of the user of the HWD 150. In someembodiments, the eye trackers 160 include two eye trackers, where eacheye tracker 160 captures an image of a corresponding eye and determinesa gaze direction of the eye. In one example, the eye tracker 160determines an angular rotation of the eye, a translation of the eye, achange in the torsion of the eye, and/or a change in shape of the eye,according to the captured image of the eye, and determines the relativegaze direction with respect to the HWD 150, according to the determinedangular rotation, translation and the change in the torsion of the eye.In one approach, the eye tracker 160 may shine or project apredetermined reference or structured pattern on a portion of the eye,and capture an image of the eye to analyze the pattern projected on theportion of the eye to determine a relative gaze direction of the eyewith respect to the HWD 150. In some embodiments, the eye trackers 160incorporate the orientation of the HWD 150 and the relative gazedirection with respect to the HWD 150 to determine a gate direction ofthe user. Assuming for an example that the HWD 150 is oriented at adirection 30 degrees from a reference direction, and the relative gazedirection of the HWD 150 is -10 degrees (or 350 degrees) with respect tothe HWD 150, the eye trackers 160 may determine that the gaze directionof the user is 20 degrees from the reference direction. In someembodiments, a user of the HWD 150 can configure the HWD 150 (e.g., viauser settings) to enable or disable the eye trackers 160. In someembodiments, a user of the HWD 150 is prompted to enable or disable theeye trackers 160.

In some embodiments, the communication interface 165 includes anelectronic component or a combination of an electronic component and asoftware component that communicates with the console 110. Thecommunication interface 165 may communicate with a communicationinterface 115 of the console 110 through a communication link. Thecommunication link may be a wireless link, a wired link, or both.Examples of the wireless link can include a cellular communication link,a near field communication link, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or any communicationwireless communication link. Examples of the wired link can include aUSB, Ethernet, Firewire, HDMI, or any wired communication link. In theembodiments, in which the console 110 and the head wearable display 150are implemented on a single device, the communication interface 165 maycommunicate with the console 110 through a bus connection or aconductive trace. Through the communication link, the communicationinterface 165 may transmit to the console 110 sensor measurementsindicating the determined location of the HWD 150 and the determinedgaze direction of the user. Moreover, through the communication link,the communication interface 165 may receive from the console 110 sensormeasurements indicating or corresponding to an image to be rendered.

In some embodiments, the image renderer 170 includes an electroniccomponent or a combination of an electronic component and a softwarecomponent that generates one or more images for display, for example,according to a change in view of the space of the artificial reality. Insome embodiments, the image renderer 170 is implemented as a processor(or a graphical processing unit (GPU)) that executes instructions toperform various functions described herein. The image renderer 170 mayreceive, through the communication interface 165, data describing animage to be rendered, and render the image through the electronicdisplay 175. In some embodiments, the data from the console 110 may beencoded, and the image renderer 170 may decode the data to generate andrender the image. In one aspect, the image renderer 170 receives theencoded image from the console 110, and decodes the encoded image, suchthat a communication bandwidth between the console 110 and the HWD 150can be reduced. In one aspect, the process of detecting, by the HWD 150,the location and the orientation of the HWD 150 and/or the gazedirection of the user wearing the HWD 150, and generating andtransmitting, by the console 110, a high resolution image (e.g., 1920 by1080 pixels, or 2048 by 1152 pixels) corresponding to the detectedlocation and the gaze direction to the HWD 150 may be computationallyexhaustive and may not be performed within a frame time (e.g., less than11 ms or 8 ms). In one aspect, the image renderer 170 generates one ormore images through a shading process and a reprojection process when animage from the console 110 is not received within the frame time. Forexample, the shading process and the reprojection process may beperformed adaptively, according to a change in view of the space of theartificial reality.

In some embodiments, the electronic display 175 is an electroniccomponent that displays an image. The electronic display 175 may, forexample, be a liquid crystal display or an organic light emitting diodedisplay. The electronic display 175 may be a transparent display thatallows the user to see through. In some embodiments, when the HWD 150 isworn by a user, the electronic display 175 is located proximate (e.g.,less than 3 inches) to the user’s eyes. In one aspect, the electronicdisplay 175 emits or projects light towards the user’s eyes according toimage generated by the image renderer 170.

In some embodiments, the lens 180 is a mechanical component that altersreceived light from the electronic display 175. The lens 180 may magnifythe light from the electronic display 175, and correct for optical errorassociated with the light. The lens 180 may be a Fresnel lens, a convexlens, a concave lens, a filter, or any suitable optical component thatalters the light from the electronic display 175. Through the lens 180,light from the electronic display 175 can reach the pupils, such thatthe user can see the image displayed by the electronic display 175,despite the close proximity of the electronic display 175 to the eyes.

In some embodiments, the compensator 185 includes an electroniccomponent or a combination of an electronic component and a softwarecomponent that performs compensation to compensate for any distortionsor aberrations. In one aspect, the lens 180 introduces opticalaberrations such as a chromatic aberration, a pin-cushion distortion,barrel distortion, etc. The compensator 185 may determine a compensation(e.g., predistortion) to apply to the image to be rendered from theimage renderer 170 to compensate for the distortions caused by the lens180, and apply the determined compensation to the image from the imagerenderer 170. The compensator 185 may provide the predistorted image tothe electronic display 175.

In some embodiments, the console 110 is an electronic component or acombination of an electronic component and a software component thatprovides content to be rendered to the HWD 150. In one aspect, theconsole 110 includes a communication interface 115 and a contentprovider 130. These components may operate together to determine a view(e.g., a FOV of the user) of the artificial reality corresponding to thelocation of the HWD 150 and the gaze direction of the user of the HWD150, and can generate an image of the artificial reality correspondingto the determined view. In other embodiments, the console 110 includesmore, fewer, or different components than shown in FIG. 1 . In someembodiments, the console 110 is integrated as part of the HWD 150.

In some embodiments, the communication interface 115 is an electroniccomponent or a combination of an electronic component and a softwarecomponent that communicates with the HWD 150. The communicationinterface 115 may be a counterpart component to the communicationinterface 165 to communicate with a communication interface 115 of theconsole 110 through a communication link (e.g., USB cable). Through thecommunication link, the communication interface 115 may receive from theHWD 150 sensor measurements indicating the determined location andorientation of the HWD 150 and/or the determined gaze direction of theuser. Moreover, through the communication link, the communicationinterface 115 may transmit to the HWD 150 data describing an image to berendered.

The content provider 130 is a component that generates content to berendered according to the location and orientation of the HWD 150 and/orthe gaze direction of the user of the HWD 150. In one aspect, thecontent provider 130 determines a view of the artificial realityaccording to the location and orientation of the HWD 150 and/or the gazedirection of the user of the HWD 150. For example, the content provider130 maps the location of the HWD 150 in a physical space to a locationwithin an artificial reality space, and determines a view of theartificial reality space along a direction corresponding to anorientation of the HWD 150 and/or the gaze direction of the user fromthe mapped location in the artificial reality space. The contentprovider 130 may generate image data describing an image of thedetermined view of the artificial reality space, and transmit the imagedata to the HWD 150 through the communication interface 115. In someembodiments, the content provider 130 generates metadata includingmotion vector information, depth information, edge information, objectinformation, etc., associated with the image, and transmits the metadatawith the image data to the HWD 150 through the communication interface115. The content provider 130 may encode and/or encode the datadescribing the image, and can transmit the encoded and/or encoded datato the HWD 150. In some embodiments, the content provider 130 generatesand provides the image to the HWD 150 periodically (e.g., every onesecond).

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a HWD 150, in accordance with an exampleembodiment. In some embodiments, the HWD 150 includes a front rigid body205 and a band 210. The front rigid body 205 includes the electronicdisplay 175 (not shown in FIG. 2 ), the lens 180 (not shown in FIG. 2 ),the sensors 155, the eye trackers 160A, 160B, and the image renderer170. In the embodiment shown by FIG. 2 , the sensors 155 are locatedwithin the front rigid body 205, and may not visible to the user. Inother embodiments, the HWD 150 has a different configuration than shownin FIG. 2 . For example, the image renderer 170, the eye trackers 160A,160B, and/or the sensors 155 may be in different locations than shown inFIG. 2 .

FIG. 3 is a diagram of the content provider 130, according to an exampleimplementation of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, thecontent provider 130 includes an artificial space image generator 310,an image slicer 320, and an image encoder 330. These components maygenerate an image of a view of an artificial reality, slice or partitionthe image into a plurality of slices, and encode the plurality of slicesthrough a pipeline configuration. The content provider 130 may beembodied as one or more processors and a non-transitory computerreadable medium storing instructions executable by the one or moreprocessors. In some embodiments, the content provider 130 includes more,fewer, or different components than shown in FIG. 3 . In someembodiments, functionalities of some components of the content provider130 can be performed by the HWD 150.

In some embodiments, the artificial space image generator 310 includes acomponent that detects, estimates, or determines a view of theartificial reality corresponding to the location and/or orientation ofthe HWD 150, and/or the gaze direction of the user of the HWD 150, andgenerates an image of the artificial reality corresponding to thedetermined view. In one approach, the artificial space image generator310 receives signals or sensor measurements indicating the location andthe orientation of the HWD 150 and/or the gaze direction of the user ofthe HWD 150 from the HWD 150. The artificial space image generator 310may map the location of the HWD 150 in a physical space to a locationwithin the artificial space, and can determine a view of the artificialspace along a direction corresponding to the orientation of the HWD 150and/or the gaze direction from the mapped location in the artificialspace. In one approach, the artificial space image generator 310 maytrack a change in the location and the orientation of the HWD 150 andthe gaze direction of the user of the HWD 150, and update the previousview of the space of the artificial reality according to the trackedchange to determine the current view of the artificial space. Forexample, if a user turns his head 45 degrees, then a view of theartificial space rotated 45 degrees from the previous view can bedetermined. For another example, if a user moves a step forward, then aview of the artificial space from a virtual location shifted from theprevious location by a distance corresponding to the step can bedetermined. The artificial space image generator 310 may generate animage of the determined view of the artificial space.

In some embodiments, the image slicer 320 includes a component thatslices, partitions, segments or divides the image into a plurality ofslices. In one aspect, the image slicer 320 divides the image into apredetermined number (e.g., three, five or ten) of slices. For example,the image slicer 320 divides the image into three slices along ahorizontal direction. In one aspect, the image slicer 320 divides theimage into different slices, such that the slices of the image can beencoded or processed separately. For example, the image slicer 320groups, isolates, processes, generates and/or modifies motion vectorssuch that motion vectors do not cross two or more slices. For example,the image slicer 320 can determine and/or ensure that a motion vectorfor one slice does not trespass or extend beyond the boundary of theslice to another slice. This can allow for independent or decoupledprocessing (e.g., encoding, compression, transmission, decompression,decoding) of the individual slices of the images without having toaccount for or depend on certain aspects of adjacent slice(s) of theimage.

In some embodiments, the image encoder 330 includes a component thatencodes the slices of the image. In one aspect, the image encoder 330encodes the slices of the image through a pipeline configuration. Theimage encoder 330 may be implemented by multiple processors executed bya single encoding application or multiple encoding applications. In oneexample, the image encoder 330 may encode a first slice of the image.The image encoder 330 may also encode a portion of a second slice of theimage, while the image encoder 330 encodes a portion of the first sliceof the image. The image encoder 330 may encode three or more slices ofthe image in a partially overlapping manner. The image encoder 330 mayfor instance include a number of hardware and/or software encodingunits, threads, pipelined components and/or encoding instances, tohandle overlapping and/or parallel processing of portions of the image.

In some embodiments, the image encoder 330 configures the communicationinterface 115 to transmit encoded slices of the image to the HWD 150.The image encoder 330 may configure the communication interface 115 totransmit the encoded slices of the image in a pipeline configuration.For example, the image encoder 330 may configure the communicationinterface 115 to transmit a portion of the encoded first slice of theimage, while the image encoder 330 encodes a portion of the second sliceof the image. If the encoding of the second slice of the image iscompleted, the image encoder 330 may configure the communicationinterface 115 to transmit a portion of the encoded second slice of theimage, while the communication interface 115 transmits a portion of theencoded first slice of the image. Accordingly, slices of the image canbe encoded and transmitted in a pipeline configuration.

FIG. 4 is a diagram of an image renderer 170, according to an exampleimplementation of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the imagerenderer 170 includes an image decoder 405, an image combiner 410, andan image rendering processor 440. These components may operate togetherto receive encoded slices of the image from the console 110 through thecommunication interface 165, and can decode the encoded slices forrendering. In one aspect, these components may operate together to applyadditional processes (e.g., a shading process, a reprojection process,compensation, predistortion, or any combination of them) for rendering.The image renderer 170 may be embodied as one or more processors and anon-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions executableby the one or more processors. In other embodiments, the image renderer170 includes more, fewer, or different components than shown in FIG. 4 .In some embodiments, the image renderer 170 is designed and implementedto store or maintain a version (e.g., details) of the world viewcorresponding to the artificial reality, even the unrendered parts ofthe world view, in some embodiments. The image renderer 170 can access,apply and/or render the details of the world view, e.g., as predictionsabout the 3D space of the artificial reality, as these come into view ofa user due to movement or interaction.

The image decoder 405 may include a component that decodes encodedslices of the image from the console 110 in a pipeline configuration.The image encoder 330 may be implemented by multiple processors executedby a single decoding application or multiple decoding applications. Theimage decoder 405 may receive the encoded first slice of the image fromthe console 110. The image decoder 405 may receive a portion of theencoded second slice of the image through the communication interface165, while the image decoder 405 receives a portion of the encoded firstslice of the image. After receiving the encoded first slice of theimage, the image decoder 405 may decode the encoded first slice of theimage, while the image decoder 405 receives another portion of theencoded second slice of the image through the communication interface165. The image decoder 405 may decode a portion of the encoded secondslice of the image, while the image decoder 405 decodes a portion of theencoded first slice of the image. In one aspect, the image decoder 405decodes different encoded slices of the image independently. Forexample, motion vectors of a slice of the image do not cross or trespassinto another slice of the image, such that each slice of the image canbe decoded or otherwise processed without relying on other slices of theimage. Accordingly, slices of the image can be received and decoded in apipeline configuration.

The image combiner 410 can include or correspond to a component thatcombines the decoded slices of the image. In some embodiments, the imagecombiner 410 includes or is coupled to a buffer that stores differentslices of the image from the image decoder 405. Once a predeterminednumber of slices of the image are received and stored by the buffer, theimage combiner 410 may combine the slices of the image, and provide thecombined image to the image rendering processor 440. After providing thecombined image to the image rendering processor 440, the image combiner410 may clear the buffer.

The image rendering processor 440 can include or correspond to acomponent that renders the combined image from the image combiner 410.The image rendering processor 440 may provide the combined image to theelectronic display 175 for presentation. In some embodiments, the imagegenerated by the image rendering processor 440 may be processed orcompensated by the compensator 185 to correct for optical aberrations ordistortions. In some embodiments, the image rendering processor 440obtains updated sensor measurements indicating an updated location andan updated orientation of the HWD 150, and/or an updated gaze directionof the user, and performs a shading process and/or a reprojectionprocess on the combined image to generate an image of an artificialreality corresponding to the updated location and the updatedorientation of the HWD 150, and/or the updated gaze direction of theuser. Moreover, the image rendering processor 440 may render or present,through the electronic display 175, the image corresponding to theupdated location and the updated orientation of the HWD 150, and/or theupdated gaze direction of the user.

FIG. 5 is an interaction diagram showing a process 500 of performingremote rendering based on slice encoding and decoding, according to anexample implementation of the present disclosure. In some embodiments,the process 500 is performed by the console 110 and the HWD 150. In someembodiments, the process 500 is performed by other entities. In someembodiments, the process 500 includes more, fewer, or different stepsthan shown in FIG. 5 .

In one approach, the HWD 150 generates 510 sensor measurementsindicating a location and an orientation of the HWD 150. The HWD 150 mayinclude sensors 155 that detect a location and an orientation of the HWD150, and generate sensor measurements indicating the detected locationand orientation of the HWD 150. The HWD 150 may also include eyetrackers 160 that detect a gaze direction of the eyes of the user, andgenerate sensor measurements indicating the detected gaze direction. Insome embodiments, a user of the HWD 150 is prompted to enable or disablethe eye trackers 160.

In one approach, the HWD 150 transmits 515 sensor measurements to theconsole 110. The HWD 150 may include the communication interface 165that transmits the sensor measurements to the console 110. Thecommunication interface 165 may transmit the sensor measurements througha wired link (e.g., ETHERNET, USB, HDMI, etc.) or a wireless link (e.g.,Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or cellular data network standards (e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G,60 GHz, LTE, etc.)).

In one approach, the console 110 generates 520 an image of an artificialreality according to the sensor measurements. The console 110 mayinclude a communication interface 115 that receives the sensormeasurements from the HWD 150. The console 110 may also include acontent provider 130 that determines a view of the artificial realityaccording to the location and orientation of the HWD 150 and/or the gazedirection of the user of the HWD 150. For example, the content provider130 includes the artificial space image generator 310 that maps thelocation of the HWD 150 in a physical space to a location within anartificial reality space, and determines a view of the artificialreality space along a direction corresponding to an orientation of theHWD 150 and/or the gaze direction of the user from the mapped locationin the artificial reality space. The artificial space image generator310 may generate image data describing an image of the determined viewof the artificial reality space.

In one approach, the console 110 divides, slices, or partitions 530 theimage into a plurality of slices 542, 544, 546. The content provider 130may include the image slicer 320 that divides the image into apredetermined number of slices 542, 544, 546. The number of slices maybe determined based on timing for encoding, transmitting and decoding aslice to allow an image to be generated by the console 110 and presentedby the HWD 150 within a frame time (e.g., 11 ms). Although in theexample shown in FIG. 5 , the image slicer 320 divides the image intothree slices 542, 544, 546, the image slicer 320 may divide the imageinto any number (e.g., two or higher) of slices. For example, the imageslicer 320 divides the image along a horizontal direction, a verticaldirection, or any direction.

In one approach, the console 110 encodes 540 slices 542, 544, 546. Theconsole 110 may include the image encoder 330 that encodes the slices542, 544, 546 in a pipeline configuration in a staggered manner. Forexample, the image encoder 330 performs encoding on the first slice 542.The image encoder 330 may perform encoding on a first portion 542′ ofthe first slice 542, while the image encoder 330 does not performencoding on the other slices 544, 546. The image encoder 330 may performencoding on a first portion 544′ of the second slice 544, while theimage encoder 330 performs encoding on a second portion 542″ of thefirst slice 542. The image encoder 330 may perform encoding on a firstportion 546′ of the third slice 546, while the image encoder 330performs encoding on a third portion 542‴ of the first slice 542 and ona second portion 544″ of the second slice 544. The image encoder 330 mayperform encoding on a second portion 546″ of the third slice 546, whilethe image encoder 330 performs encoding on a third portion 544‴ of thesecond slice 544. Then, the image encoder 330 may perform encoding on athird portion 546‴ of the third slice 546 to complete encoding.

In one approach, the console 110 transmits 552, 554, 556 the encodedslices. The communication interface 115 may transmit the encoded slicesthrough a wired link (e.g., ETHERNET, USB, HDMI, etc.) or a wirelesslink (e.g., Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or cellular data network standards (e.g.,3G, 4G, 5G, 60 GHz, LTE, etc.)). The communication interface 115 maytransmit the encoded slices in a pipeline configuration in a staggeredmanner or a partially overlapping manner. For example, after completingencoding of the first slice 542, the communication interface 115 maytransmit 552 the encoded first slice to the HWD 150, while the imageencoder 330 encodes the third portion 544‴ of the second slice 544. Forexample, after completing encoding of the second slice 544, thecommunication interface 115 may transmit 554 the encoded second slice tothe HWD 150, while the image encoder 330 encodes the third portion 546‴of the third slice 546. After completing encoding of the third slice546, the communication interface 115 may transmit 556 the encoded thirdslice to the HWD 150.

In one approach, the HWD 150 receives and decodes 560 the encodedslices. The communication interface 165 may receive the encoded slicesfrom the console 110. The HWD 150 may include the image renderer 170that decodes the encoded slices in a pipeline configuration in astaggered manner. For example, the image renderer 170 includes the imagedecoder 405 that performs decoding on the encoded first slice 562. Theimage decoder 405 may perform decoding on a first portion 562′ of theencoded first slice 562, while the image decoder 405 does not performdecoding on the other encoded slices 564, 566. The image decoder 405 mayperform decoding on a first portion 564′ of the encoded second slice564, while the image decoder 405 performs decoding on a second portion562″ of the encoded first slice 562. The image decoder 405 may performdecoding on a first portion 566′ of the encoded third slice 566, whilethe image decoder 405 performs decoding on a third portion 562‴ of theencoded first slice 562 and on a second portion 564″ of the encodedsecond slice 564. The image decoder 405 may perform decoding on a secondportion 566″ of the encoded third slice 566, while the image decoder 405performs decoding on a third portion 564‴ of the encoded second slice564. The image decoder 405 may perform decoding on a third portion 566‴of the encoded third slice 566 to complete decoding.

In one approach, the console 110 combines 570 decoded slices. The imagerenderer 170 may include the image combiner 410 that combines thedecoded slices. The image combiner 410 may combine the slices of theimage, in response to receiving a predetermined number of slices of theimage.

In one approach, the console 110 renders 580 the combined image. Theimage renderer 170 may include the image rendering processor 440 thatrenders the combined image from the image combiner 410. The imagegenerated by the image rendering processor 440 may be processed orcompensated by the compensator 185 to correct for optical aberrations ordistortions. In some embodiments, the image rendering processor 440obtains updated sensor measurements indicating an updated location andan updated orientation of the HWD 150, and/or an updated gaze directionof the user, and performs a shading process and/or a reprojectionprocess on the combined image to generate an image of an artificialreality corresponding to the updated location and the updatedorientation of the HWD 150, and/or the updated gaze direction of theuser. Moreover, the image rendering processor 440 may render or presentthe image corresponding to the updated location and the updatedorientation of the HWD 150, and/or the updated gaze direction of theuser.

Advantageously, the process 500 allows a faster, efficient and/orsuccessful transmission and rendition of an image of an artificialreality space by slicing an image into a plurality of slices andprocessing the plurality of slices through a pipeline configuration in astaggered manner. In one aspect, encoding and decoding a high qualityimage (e.g., 1920 by 1080 pixels, 2048 by 1152 pixels, or higher) mayconsume a large amount of computational resources and may not becompleted within a frame time. For example, a number of pixelsincreases, amount of computations resources for encoding or decoding mayincrease exponentially. By encoding and decoding slices of an imagethrough a pipeline configuration, the amount of computational resourcesfor encoding and decoding can be reduced compared to encoding anddecoding the full image. Moreover, an image generated by the console 110can be transmitted and rendered by the HWD 150 within a short timeperiod (e.g., 11 ms) by processing slices of the image in a pipelineconfiguration.

FIG. 6 shows an example process 600 of slicing an image 610 into aplurality of slices and transmitting the slices for rendering the image610 (e.g., of an artificial reality space), according to an exampleimplementation of the present disclosure. In one example, the console110 receives sensor measurements indicating a location and/or anorientation of the HWD 150, and/or a gaze direction of a user of the HWD150, and generates an image 610 of an artificial reality according tothe sensor measurements. In one example, the console 110 divides theimage 610 into three slices. In one example, the console 110 may dividethe image 610 into more or different number of slices.

In some embodiments, the console 110 encodes slices of the image 610 andtransmits the encoded slices of the image 610 in a pipelineconfiguration. For example, the console 110 encodes a first slice of theimage 610. The console 110 may also encode a portion of a second sliceof the image 610, while a portion of the first slice of the image isundergoing encoding. Similarly, the console 110 may encode a portion ofa third slice of the image 610, while another portion of the secondslice of the image is encoded. Once the encoding of the first slice ofthe image is complete, the console 110 may transmit a portion of theencoded first slice 620A of the image, while encoding of a portion ofthe second slice of the image is still performed. Similarly, once theencoding of the second slice of the image is complete, the console 110may transmit a portion of the encoded second slice 620B of the image,while encoding of a portion of the third slice of the image is stillperformed. Once the encoding of the third slice of the image iscomplete, the console 110 may transmit the encoded third slice 620C ofthe image.

In some embodiments, the HWD 150 receives compressed or encoded slices620A, 620B, 620C of the image from the console 110, and decompresses ordecodes the encoded slices of the image in a pipeline configuration. Inone approach, the HWD 150 receives a portion of the encoded first slice620A of the image from the console 110. The HWD 150 may start to receivethe encoded second slice 620B of the image, while a portion of theencoded first slice 620A of the image is received. The HWD 150 may alsoreceive a portion of the encoded third slice 620C of the image, while aportion of the encoded second slice 620B of the image is received. Afterreceiving the encoded first slice 620A of the image, the HWD 150 maystart decoding a portion of the encoded first slice 620A of the image,while a portion of the encoded second slice 620B of the image isreceived. If the decoding of the encoded first slice 620A of the imageis incomplete, the image decoder 405 may decode a portion of the encodedsecond slice 620B of the image, while a portion of the encoded firstslice 620A of the image is decoded. The image decoder 405 may alsodecode a portion of the encoded third slice 620C of the image, while aportion of the encoded second slice 620B of the image is decoded. TheHWD 150 may combine the decoded slices of the image, and can render thecombined image 610 for presentation.

FIG. 7A is an interaction diagram of a process 700 of generating andtransmitting encoded slices of an image of an artificial reality,according to an example implementation of the present disclosure. Insome embodiments, the process 700 is performed by the console 110 (orthe content provider 130). In some embodiments, the process 700 isperformed by other entities. In some embodiments, the process 700includes more, fewer, or different steps than shown in FIG. 7A.

In one approach, the console 110 receives 710 sensor measurements fromthe HWD 150. The console 110 may include a communication interface 115that receives the sensor measurements from the HWD 150. Thecommunication interface 115 may receive the sensor measurements througha wired link (e.g., ETHERNET, USB, HDMI, etc.) or a wireless link (e.g.,Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or cellular data network standards (e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G,60 GHz, LTE, etc.)).

In one approach, the console 110 generates 720 an image of an artificialreality according to the sensor measurements. The console 110 mayinclude a content provider 130 that determines and/or provides a view ofthe artificial reality according to the location and orientation of theHWD 150 and/or the gaze direction of the user of the HWD 150. Forexample, the content provider 130 includes the artificial space imagegenerator 310 that maps the location of the HWD 150 in a physical spaceto a location within an artificial reality space, and determines a viewof the artificial reality space along a direction corresponding to anorientation of the HWD 150 and/or the gaze direction of the user fromthe mapped location in the artificial reality space. The artificialspace image generator 310 may generate image data describing an image ofthe determined view of the artificial reality space.

In one approach, the console 110 divides, slices, or partitions 730 theimage into a plurality of slices 542, 544, 546. The content provider 130may include the image slicer 320 that divides the image into apredetermined number of slices 542, 544, 546. The number of slices maybe determined based on timing for encoding, transmitting and decoding aslice to allow an image to be generated by the console 110 and presentedby the HWD 150 within a frame time (e.g., 11 ms). Although in theexample shown in FIG. 5 , the image slicer 320 divides the image intothree slices 542, 544, 546, the image slicer 320 may divide the imageinto any number (e.g., two or higher) of slices. For example, the imageslicer 320 divides the image along a horizontal direction, a verticaldirection, or any direction.

In one approach, the console 110 encodes 740 slices in a pipelineconfiguration. The console 110 may include the image encoder 330 thatencodes the slices 542, 544, 546. For example, the image encoder 330performs encoding on the first slice 542. The image encoder 330 mayperform encoding on a first portion 542′ of the first slice 542, whilethe image encoder 330 does not perform encoding on the other slices 544,546. The image encoder 330 may perform encoding on a first portion 544′of the second slice 544, while the image encoder 330 performs encodingon a second portion 542″ of the first slice 542. The image encoder 330may perform encoding on a first portion 546′ of the third slice 546,while the image encoder 330 performs encoding on a third portion 542‴ ofthe first slice 542 and on a second portion 544″ of the second slice544. The image encoder 330 may perform encoding on a second portion 546″of the third slice 546, while the image encoder 330 performs encoding ona third portion 544‴ of the second slice 544. Then, the image encoder330 may perform encoding on a third portion 546‴ of the third slice 546to complete encoding.

In one approach, the console 110 transmits 750 the encoded slices in apipeline configuration. The communication interface 115 may transmit theencoded slices through a wired link (e.g., ETHERNET, USB, HDMI, etc.) ora wireless link (e.g., Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or cellular data networkstandards (e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G, 60 GHz, LTE, etc.)). The communicationinterface 115 may transmit the encoded slices in a staggered manner or apartially overlapping manner. For example, after completing encoding ofthe first slice 542, the communication interface 115 may transmit 552the encoded first slice to the HWD 150, while the image encoder 330encodes the third portion 544‴ of the second slice 544. For example,after completing encoding of the second slice 544, the communicationinterface 115 may transmit 554 the encoded second slice to the HWD 150,while the image encoder 330 encodes the third portion 546‴ of the thirdslice 546. After completing encoding of the third slice 546, thecommunication interface 115 may transmit 556 the encoded third slice tothe HWD 150.

FIG. 7B is an interaction diagram of a process 760 of receiving encodedslices of an image of an artificial reality and rendering the image ofthe artificial reality, according to an example implementation of thepresent disclosure. In some embodiments, the process 760 is performed bythe HWD 150 (or the image renderer 170). In some embodiments, theprocess 760 is performed by other entities. In some embodiments, theprocess 760 includes more, fewer, or different steps than shown in FIG.7B.

In one approach, the HWD 150 generates 770 sensor measurementsindicating a location and an orientation of the HWD 150. The HWD 150 mayinclude sensors 155 that detect a location and an orientation of the HWD150, and generate sensor measurements indicating the detected locationand orientation of the HWD 150. The HWD 150 may also include eyetrackers 160 that detect a gaze direction of the eyes of the user, andgenerate sensor measurements indicating the detected gaze direction. Insome embodiments, a user of the HWD 150 is prompted to enable or disablethe eye trackers 160.

In one approach, the HWD 150 transmits 775 sensor measurements to theconsole 110. The HWD 150 may include the communication interface 165that transmits the sensor measurements to the console 110. Thecommunication interface 165 may transmit the sensor measurements througha wired link (e.g., ETHERNET, USB, HDMI, etc.) or a wireless link (e.g.,Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or cellular data network standards (e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G,60 GHz, LTE, etc.)).

In one approach, the HWD 150 receives 780 the encoded slices from theconsole 110 in a pipeline configuration, in response to the sensormeasurements transmitted. The communication interface 165 may receivethe encoded slices from the console 110 in a pipeline configuration.

In one approach, the HWD 150 decodes 790 the encoded slices in apipeline configuration. The HWD 150 may include the image renderer 170that decodes the encoded slices in a staggered manner or a partiallyoverlapping manner in time. For example, the image renderer 170 includesthe image decoder 405 that performs decoding on the encoded first slice562. The image decoder 405 may perform decoding on a first portion 562′of the encoded first slice 562, while the image decoder 405 does notperform decoding on the other encoded slices 564, 566. The image decoder405 may perform decoding on a first portion 564′ of the encoded secondslice 564, while the image decoder 405 performs decoding on a secondportion 562″ of the encoded first slice 562. The image decoder 405 mayperform decoding on a first portion 566′ of the encoded third slice 566,while the image decoder 405 performs decoding on a third portion 562‴ ofthe encoded first slice 562 and on a second portion 564″ of the encodedsecond slice 564. The image decoder 405 may perform decoding on a secondportion 566″ of the encoded third slice 566, while the image decoder 405performs decoding on a third portion 564‴ of the encoded second slice564. The image decoder 405 may perform decoding on a third portion 566‴of the encoded third slice 566 to complete decoding.

In one approach, the console 110 combines 792 decoded slices. The imagerenderer 170 may include the image combiner 410 that combines thedecoded slices. The image combiner 410 may combine the slices of theimage, in response to receiving a predetermined number of slices of theimage.

In one approach, the console 110 renders 795 the combined image. Theimage renderer 170 may include the image rendering processor 440 thatrenders the combined image from the image combiner 410. The imagegenerated by the image rendering processor 440 may be processed orcompensated by the compensator 185 to correct for optical aberrations ordistortions. In some embodiments, the image rendering processor 440obtains updated sensor measurements indicating an updated location andan updated orientation of the HWD 150, and/or an updated gaze directionof the user, and performs a shading process and/or a reprojectionprocess on the combined image to generate an image of an artificialreality corresponding to the updated location and the updatedorientation of the HWD 150, and/or the updated gaze direction of theuser. Moreover, the image rendering processor 440 may render or presentthe image corresponding to the updated location and the updatedorientation of the HWD 150, and/or the updated gaze direction of theuser.

Various operations described herein can be implemented on computersystems. FIG. 8 shows a block diagram of a representative computingsystem 814 usable to implement the present disclosure. In someembodiments, the console 110, the HWD 150 or both of FIG. 1 areimplemented by the computing system 814. Computing system 814 can beimplemented, for example, as a consumer device such as a smartphone,other mobile phone, tablet computer, wearable computing device (e.g.,smart watch, eyeglasses, head wearable display), desktop computer,laptop computer, or implemented with distributed computing devices. Thecomputing system 814 can be implemented to provide VR, AR, MRexperience. In some embodiments, the computing system 814 can includeconventional computer components such as processors 816, storage device818, network interface 820, user input device 822, and user outputdevice 824.

Network interface 820 can provide a connection to a wide area network(e.g., the Internet) to which WAN interface of a remote server system isalso connected. Network interface 820 can include a wired interface(e.g., Ethernet) and/or a wireless interface implementing various RFdata communication standards such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or cellular datanetwork standards (e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G, 60 GHz, LTE, etc.).

User input device 822 can include any device (or devices) via which auser can provide signals to computing system 814; computing system 814can interpret the signals as indicative of particular user requests orinformation. User input device 822 can include any or all of a keyboard,touch pad, touch screen, mouse or other pointing device, scroll wheel,click wheel, dial, button, switch, keypad, microphone, sensors (e.g., amotion sensor, an eye tracking sensor, etc.), and so on.

User output device 824 can include any device via which computing system814 can provide information to a user. For example, user output device824 can include a display to display images generated by or delivered tocomputing system 814. The display can incorporate various imagegeneration technologies, e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD),light-emitting diode (LED) including organic light-emitting diodes(OLED), projection system, cathode ray tube (CRT), or the like, togetherwith supporting electronics (e.g., digital-to-analog oranalog-to-digital converters, signal processors, or the like). A devicesuch as a touchscreen that function as both input and output device canbe used. Output devices 824 can be provided in addition to or instead ofa display. Examples include indicator lights, speakers, tactile“display” devices, printers, and so on.

Some implementations include electronic components, such asmicroprocessors, storage and memory that store computer programinstructions in a computer readable storage medium (e.g., non-transitorycomputer readable medium). Many of the features described in thisspecification can be implemented as processes that are specified as aset of program instructions encoded on a computer readable storagemedium. When these program instructions are executed by one or moreprocessors, they cause the processors to perform various operationindicated in the program instructions. Examples of program instructionsor computer code include machine code, such as is produced by acompiler, and files including higher-level code that are executed by acomputer, an electronic component, or a microprocessor using aninterpreter. Through suitable programming, processor 816 can providevarious functionality for computing system 814, including any of thefunctionality described herein as being performed by a server or client,or other functionality associated with message management services.

It will be appreciated that computing system 814 is illustrative andthat variations and modifications are possible. Computer systems used inconnection with the present disclosure can have other capabilities notspecifically described here. Further, while computing system 814 isdescribed with reference to particular blocks, it is to be understoodthat these blocks are defined for convenience of description and are notintended to imply a particular physical arrangement of component parts.For instance, different blocks can be located in the same facility, inthe same server rack, or on the same motherboard. Further, the blocksneed not correspond to physically distinct components. Blocks can beconfigured to perform various operations, e.g., by programming aprocessor or providing appropriate control circuitry, and various blocksmight or might not be reconfigurable depending on how the initialconfiguration is obtained. Implementations of the present disclosure canbe realized in a variety of apparatus including electronic devicesimplemented using any combination of circuitry and software.

Having now described some illustrative implementations, it is apparentthat the foregoing is illustrative and not limiting, having beenpresented by way of example. In particular, although many of theexamples presented herein involve specific combinations of method actsor system elements, those acts and those elements can be combined inother ways to accomplish the same objectives. Acts, elements andfeatures discussed in connection with one implementation are notintended to be excluded from a similar role in other implementations orimplementations.

The hardware and data processing components used to implement thevarious processes, operations, illustrative logics, logical blocks,modules and circuits described in connection with the embodimentsdisclosed herein may be implemented or performed with a general purposesingle- or multi-chip processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), anapplication specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmablegate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic device, discrete gate ortransistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combinationthereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A generalpurpose processor may be a microprocessor, or, any conventionalprocessor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processoralso may be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as acombination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality ofmicroprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSPcore, or any other such configuration. In some embodiments, particularprocesses and methods may be performed by circuitry that is specific toa given function. The memory (e.g., memory, memory unit, storage device,etc.) may include one or more devices (e.g., RAM, ROM, Flash memory,hard disk storage, etc.) for storing data and/or computer code forcompleting or facilitating the various processes, layers and modulesdescribed in the present disclosure. The memory may be or includevolatile memory or nonvolatile memory, and may include databasecomponents, object code components, script components, or any other typeof information structure for supporting the various activities andinformation structures described in the present disclosure. According toan exemplary embodiment, the memory is communicably connected to theprocessor via a processing circuit and includes computer code forexecuting (e.g., by the processing circuit and/or the processor) the oneor more processes described herein.

The present disclosure contemplates methods, systems and programproducts on any machine-readable media for accomplishing variousoperations. The embodiments of the present disclosure may be implementedusing existing computer processors, or by a special purpose computerprocessor for an appropriate system, incorporated for this or anotherpurpose, or by a hardwired system. Embodiments within the scope of thepresent disclosure include program products comprising machine-readablemedia for carrying or having machine-executable instructions or datastructures stored thereon. Such machine-readable media can be anyavailable media that can be accessed by a general purpose or specialpurpose computer or other machine with a processor. By way of example,such machine-readable media can comprise RAM, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, orother optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magneticstorage devices, or any other medium which can be used to carry or storedesired program code in the form of machine-executable instructions ordata structures and which can be accessed by a general purpose orspecial purpose computer or other machine with a processor. Combinationsof the above are also included within the scope of machine-readablemedia. Machine-executable instructions include, for example,instructions and data which cause a general purpose computer, specialpurpose computer, or special purpose processing machines to perform acertain function or group of functions.

The phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose ofdescription and should not be regarded as limiting. The use of“including” “comprising” “having” “containing” “involving”“characterized by” “characterized in that” and variations thereofherein, is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter, equivalentsthereof, and additional items, as well as alternate implementationsconsisting of the items listed thereafter exclusively. In oneimplementation, the systems and methods described herein consist of one,each combination of more than one, or all of the described elements,acts, or components.

Any references to implementations or elements or acts of the systems andmethods herein referred to in the singular can also embraceimplementations including a plurality of these elements, and anyreferences in plural to any implementation or element or act herein canalso embrace implementations including only a single element. Referencesin the singular or plural form are not intended to limit the presentlydisclosed systems or methods, their components, acts, or elements tosingle or plural configurations. References to any act or element beingbased on any information, act or element can include implementationswhere the act or element is based at least in part on any information,act, or element.

Any implementation disclosed herein can be combined with any otherimplementation or embodiment, and references to “an implementation,”“some implementations,” “one implementation” or the like are notnecessarily mutually exclusive and are intended to indicate that aparticular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connectionwith the implementation can be included in at least one implementationor embodiment. Such terms as used herein are not necessarily allreferring to the same implementation. Any implementation can be combinedwith any other implementation, inclusively or exclusively, in any mannerconsistent with the aspects and implementations disclosed herein.

Where technical features in the drawings, detailed description or anyclaim are followed by reference signs, the reference signs have beenincluded to increase the intelligibility of the drawings, detaileddescription, and claims. Accordingly, neither the reference signs northeir absence have any limiting effect on the scope of any claimelements.

Systems and methods described herein may be embodied in other specificforms without departing from the characteristics thereof. References to“approximately,” “about” “substantially” or other terms of degreeinclude variations of +/-10% from the given measurement, unit, or rangeunless explicitly indicated otherwise. Coupled elements can beelectrically, mechanically, or physically coupled with one anotherdirectly or with intervening elements. Scope of the systems and methodsdescribed herein is thus indicated by the appended claims, rather thanthe foregoing description, and changes that come within the meaning andrange of equivalency of the claims are embraced therein.

The term “coupled” and variations thereof includes the joining of twomembers directly or indirectly to one another. Such joining may bestationary (e.g., permanent or fixed) or moveable (e.g., removable orreleasable). Such joining may be achieved with the two members coupleddirectly with or to each other, with the two members coupled with eachother using a separate intervening member and any additionalintermediate members coupled with one another, or with the two memberscoupled with each other using an intervening member that is integrallyformed as a single unitary body with one of the two members. If“coupled” or variations thereof are modified by an additional term(e.g., directly coupled), the generic definition of “coupled” providedabove is modified by the plain language meaning of the additional term(e.g., “directly coupled” means the joining of two members without anyseparate intervening member), resulting in a narrower definition thanthe generic definition of “coupled” provided above. Such coupling may bemechanical, electrical, or fluidic.

References to “or” can be construed as inclusive so that any termsdescribed using “or” can indicate any of a single, more than one, andall of the described terms. A reference to “at least one of ‘A’ and ‘B″’can include only ‘A’, only ‘B’, as well as both ‘A’ and ‘B’. Suchreferences used in conjunction with “comprising” or other openterminology can include additional items.

Modifications of described elements and acts such as variations insizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the variouselements, values of parameters, mounting arrangements, use of materials,colors, orientations can occur without materially departing from theteachings and advantages of the subject matter disclosed herein. Forexample, elements shown as integrally formed can be constructed ofmultiple parts or elements, the position of elements can be reversed orotherwise varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements orpositions can be altered or varied. Other substitutions, modifications,changes and omissions can also be made in the design, operatingconditions and arrangement of the disclosed elements and operationswithout departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

References herein to the positions of elements (e.g., “top,” “bottom,”“above,” “below”) are merely used to describe the orientation of variouselements in the FIGURES. The orientation of various elements may differaccording to other exemplary embodiments, and that such variations areintended to be encompassed by the present disclosure.

What is claimed is:
 1. A first device comprising: at least one processorconfigured to: encode a first slice of a plurality of slices of anartificial reality image, starting at a first time and completing at asecond time, encode a second slice of the plurality of slices startingat a third time and completing at a fourth time, wherein the third timeis after the first time and before the second time; transmit, via atransmitter, the encoded first slice to a second device starting at afifth time after the second time, and completing at the sixth time; andtransmit, via the transmitter, the encoded second slice to the seconddevice starting at a seventh time that is after the fifth time andbefore the sixth time.
 2. The first device of claim 1, wherein: acontent generator comprising the at least one processor is configured toencode the first slice and the second slice; and a communicationinterface coupled to the content generator is configured to transmit theencoded first slice and the encoded second slice.
 3. The first device ofclaim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to:partition an image of an artificial reality space into the plurality ofslices; and transmit the encoded first slice and the encoded secondslice to a head wearable display.
 4. The first device of claim 1,wherein: the first slice and the second slice are separated by aboundary; and the at least one processor is further configured togenerate motion vectors of the artificial reality image, wherein themotion vectors do not traverse the boundary between the first slice andthe second slice.
 5. The first device of claim 1, wherein the at leastone processor is configured to transmit a portion of the encoded firstslice, while the at least one processor encodes a portion of the secondslice.
 6. The first device of claim 1, wherein the at least oneprocessor is configured to: encode a third slice, starting at a ninthtime and completing at a tenth time, wherein the ninth time is beforethe second time; and transmit the encoded third slice starting at aneleventh time before the sixth time.
 7. The first device of claim 6,wherein the at least one processor is configured to transmit a portionof the encoded second slice, while encoding a portion of the thirdslice.
 8. The device of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor isfurther configured to: receive sensor measurements indicating a locationor an orientation of a head wearable display; and generate a space ofthe artificial reality image according to the location or theorientation of the head wearable display.
 9. A method comprising:encoding, by a device, a first slice of a plurality of slices of anartificial reality image, starting at a first time and completing at asecond time, encoding, by the device a second slice of the plurality ofslices starting at a third time and completing at a fourth time, whereinthe third time is after the first time and before the second time;transmitting, by the device, the encoded first slice to a second devicestarting at a fifth time after the second time, and completing at thesixth time; and transmitting, by the device, the encoded second slice tothe second device starting at a seventh time that is after the fifthtime and before the sixth time.
 10. The method of claim 9, furthercomprising: partitioning, by the device, an image of an artificialreality space into the plurality of slices; and transmitting, by thedevice, the encoded first slice and the encoded second slice to a headwearable display.
 11. The method of claim 9, further comprising:generating, by the device, motion vectors of the artificial realityimage, wherein the motion vectors do not traverse a boundary between thefirst slice and the second slice separating the first slice and thesecond slice.
 12. The method of claim 9, further comprising:transmitting, by the device, a portion of the encoded first slice, whilethe at least one processor encodes a portion of the second slice. 13.The method of claim 9, further comprising: encoding, by the device, athird slice, starting at a ninth time and completing at a tenth time,wherein the ninth time is before the second time; and transmitting, bythe device, the encoded third slice starting at an eleventh time beforethe sixth time.
 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:transmitting, by the device, a portion of the encoded second slice,while encoding a portion of the third slice.
 15. The method of claim 9,further comprising: receiving, by the device, sensor measurementsindicating a location or an orientation of a head wearable display; andgenerating, by the sensor device, a space of the artificial realityimage according to the location or the orientation of the head wearabledisplay.
 16. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing programinstructions for causing at least one processor of a device to: encode afirst slice of a plurality of slices of an artificial reality image,starting at a first time and completing at a second time, encode asecond slice of the plurality of slices starting at a third time andcompleting at a fourth time, wherein the third time is after the firsttime and before the second time; transmit, via a transmitter, theencoded first slice to a second device starting at a fifth time afterthe second time, and completing at the sixth time; and transmit, via thetransmitter, the encoded second slice to the second device starting at aseventh time that is after the fifth time and before the sixth time. 17.The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 15, wherein theprogram instructions cause the at least one processor to: partition animage of an artificial reality space into the plurality of slices; andtransmit the encoded first slice and the encoded second slice to a headwearable display.
 18. The non-transitory computer readable medium ofclaim 15, wherein the program instructions cause the at least oneprocessor to: separate the first slice and the second slice by aboundary; and generate motion vectors of the artificial reality image,wherein the motion vectors do not traverse the boundary between thefirst slice and the second slice.
 19. The non-transitory computerreadable medium of claim 15, wherein the program instructions cause theat least one processor to: encode a third slice, starting at a ninthtime and completing at a tenth time, wherein the ninth time is beforethe second time; and transmit the encoded third slice starting at aneleventh time before the sixth time.
 20. The non-transitory computerreadable medium of claim 15, wherein the program instructions cause theat least one processor to: receive sensor measurements indicating alocation or an orientation of a head wearable display; and generate aspace of the artificial reality image according to the location or theorientation of the head wearable display.